The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) operates through various departments and regional centres.
- Academic Department - Manages curriculum, textbooks, and academic courses.
- Vocational Education Department - Manages skill-based courses.
- Student Support Division - Manages admissions, examinations, and grievances.
- Regional Centres - Provide localized support to learners across states.
- IT & Digital Learning Unit - Maintains the online portal, Digital Library (DEEP), and e-resources.